Aquaculture Europe 2021

October 4 - 7, 2021

Funchal, Madeira

Add To Calendar 07/10/2021 09:20:0007/10/2021 09:40:00Europe/LisbonAquaculture Europe 2021EFFECT OF MICROENCAPSULATED DIETS ON Mytilus galloprovincialis GUT MICROBIOTASidney-HotelThe European Aquaculture Societywebmaster@aquaeas.orgfalseDD/MM/YYYYaaVZHLXMfzTRLzDrHmAi181982

EFFECT OF MICROENCAPSULATED DIETS ON Mytilus galloprovincialis GUT MICROBIOTA

Ane del Rio-Lavín1*, Sébastien Monchy2, Camilla Campanati3, Leire Arantzamendi4, Izaskun Zorita4 , Urtzi Izagirre5, David C. Aldridge3 Miguel Ángel Pardo1

 

1  AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA).  Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio - Bizkaia, Spain

2 Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, F 62930 Wimereux, France

3 Department of Zoology, The David Attenborough Building, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB23QZ, UK

 4  AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia - Gipuzkoa, Spain

5 Plentzia Marine, Station (PiE -UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea , 47, 48620 Plentzia, Bizkaia, Spain

*Email: adelrio@azti.es

 



Introduction

Europe is a major contributor of mussels by supplying over a third of the world total production. It is known that inland hatchery cultures can support the extensive farming of this bivalve, by ensuring known quantity and quality of spats each year. However, these systems are still not economically viable , due to the high costs of conventional live microalgae feeds. For this reason, new alternative microencapsulated  inert  diets have been developed

 .  The aim of the present study was to test microencapsulated feeds containing Schizochytrium sp. as alternatives or supplement to a live microalgal diet and evaluate their effect on  Mytilus galloprovincialis spat and adult microbiota ,  with the subsequent  link  of the  microbiota structure  of mussel  with  growth  rate,  proximal composition  and gametogenesis . 

Material and Methods

 Mytilus galloprovincialis spats and adults were cultured  at hatchery semi-industrial scale  for 8  and 6 weeks, respectively, with different feeding conditions: 1) NC (Negative Control: no food supplied) ; 2) A (commercial microalgae:  100% ShellfishReed); 3) B (BioBullets as alternative singular diet : 100% Schyzochytrium ); 4) ABL (A lternative m ixed diet: 40% A + 60% B; 5) ABM (A lternative mixed diet: 20%A + 80%B) .  To investigate their effect on gut microbiota,  spat and adult mussel  bacterial DNA from the digestive gland was sequenced (MiSeq Illumina) by targeting  the V3-V4 16S rRNA gene. Sequences were processed with MOTHUR v1.44.0

 and  taxonomically affiliated by BLAST against  SILVA database (Release 138.1).  Alfa diversity estimators were calculated using Past 4.05 software

. Beta diversity analyses including h ierarchical clustering analysis (based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity coefficients ), non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) w ere  performed with R software  using  the “vegan” package

 in order to investigate significant  (p-value < 0.05) differences of gut microbial community structure between different treatments and over time. Finally, indicator species  and metabolic predictions of microbiota  were  investigated  for each  diet  using LEfSe and PiCRUST programs.

Results and conclusions

Microbial diversity of adult  and spat gut microbiota were composed of 11682 and 5083 OTUs  (after  quality control and data normalization), respectively .  Overall, mussel gut microbiota was dominated by phyla  Proteobacteria (representing 63 % of the reads) and Bacteroidetes (25 %), followed by other significant  phyla such as Firmicutes (4 %), Campylobacteria (1.5 %), Planctomycetes (1.3 %)  and Verrucomicrobia (1.1 %) . As expected, differences were observed between adult and spat taxa composition, and different feeding conditions resulted in disparate proportions of bacterial community composition .  Alpha diversity (Shannon, Simpson, Chao1 and Berger-Parker )  for gut microbiota revealed no statistical significances (p-value > 0.05)  between  diet treatments.  Hierarchical cluster analysis, based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, showed that samples were  primarily clustered according to the diet and then according to time of exposure. However, mixed diets (ABL and AMB) were clustered together according to time.  These results correlate with the NMDS, where significant differences (p =0.00099 ) were recorded across microbial communities from  different  feeding conditions and time exposure. Next steps will be to  search for  indicator species and  perform  metabolic predictions of microbiota using LEfSe and PiCRUST programs .  The whole analysis would help to  link of the microbiota structure of mussel with growth rate, proximal composition and gametogenesis.

Acknowledgments

This project was supported by EIT Food Grant MIDSA (Grant number 20293). The authors want to acknowledge PI E-UPV/EHU staff to get access to their facilities to Camilla Campanati and AZTI’s staff to their facilities through funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement Nº 730984, ASSEMBLE Plus project. Ane del Rio is the recipient  of a PhD grant from the Education Department of the Basque Government .

References

Hammer, O., Harper, D., & Ryan, P. (2001). PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4, 1-9.                        

Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F. G., Friendly, M., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., McGlinn, D., . . . Wagner, H. (2020). Vegan: Community Ecology Package (v. 2.5-7).

Schloss, P. D., Westcott, S. L., Ryabin, T., Hall, J. R., Hartmann, M., Hollister, E. B., . . . Weber, C. F. (2009). Introducing mothur: Open-Source, Platform-Independent, Community-Supported Software for Describing and Comparing Microbial Communities. Appl Environ Microbiol, 75(23), 7537-7541.  10.1128/aem.01541-09

Willer, D. F., & Aldridge, D. C. (2019). Microencapsulated diets to improve growth and survivorship in juvenile European flat oysters (Ostrea edulis). Aquaculture, 505, 256-262.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.072