Introduction
Nowadays , anesthetics are the important substances in aquaculture applications . They are consist of two kinds , chemicals and herbals . In our research , 3 different anesthetic plants were used in order to see the efficiency of them to goldfish . Actually , anesthesia is virtual things to eleviate stress reactions and injury damages during handling procedures (measuring weighing , grading , tagging , vacination , transport, blood sampling , biopsies of gonads , gamet collection , etc .) in aquaculture (Coyle et al., 2004; Mylonas et al., 2005). Several anesthetics are commonly used for many differnt fish species such as tricaine metansulfonate (MS-222), phenoxyethanol , quinaldin , benzocain , clove oil and lavander (Mercy et al., 2013). There is a lot of considerations to decide which anesthetics is suitable for which species of fish . In this study , the anesthetic effects of three different herbal anaesthetics ( basil, mullein and rosemary) on goldfish were investigated .
Materials and amethods
Basil was perchased and mullein and rosemary were collected from located area . Then , they were dried in the laboratory . Then dried plants were grained and each powdered plant samples were added to 100 g, 200 g ve 300 g to 1.5 L distiled water . Each mixture was mix a time a day within 3 days in the frige +4 ºC condition and saved and plant solutions were prepared . Then , they were used to prepare the concentrations of 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 ml/L for each plant . Induction and recovery times were indicated and saved for those concentrations . For each concentration , 5-10 fish were used and totally 225-450 fish were used . These anesthetic efficiency of 3 herbal plant species were researhed to evaluate for aquaculture applications.
Results
For 100 g, 200 g, 300 g of rosemary plant dose and 30-70 ml/L concentrations were formed 0.16-0.98 in I1, 1.90-5.02, in I2, 0.20-1. 29 in R1 and 1.53-3. 47 in R2 . For 100 g , 200 g, 300 g ofmullein plant dose and 30-70 ml/L concentrations were found as 0.14-0.55 in I1, 3.07-8.18 in I2 , 0.22-2. 84 in R1 and 1.26-6.58 in R2 . For 100 g , 200 g 300 g of basil plant döşe and 30-70 ml/L concentrations were saved as 0.15-0.73 in I1, 1.29-6.23 in I2, 0.31-1.33in R1 and 1.32-3.59 in R2.
Herbal anesthetic usege caused some histological disorders in goldfish in this research . In rosemary usage , hyperplasia , degenerations ; in mullein usage , fusion , hyperplasia and edemma ; in basil usage , hyperplasia , and aneurism were seen in gills . In rosemary usage , degenerations in cell walls , necrotic structure formation , granulomatic structure developments ; in mullein usage , valuolations , picnotic nuclei , necrotic structure formation ; in basil usage , picnotic nuclei , necrotic structure formation , and granulomatic structure developments were dedected in liver . In rosemary usage , renal tubular vacuolations , renal tubular degenerations , and granulomatic structure developments ; in mullein usage , renal tubular vacuolations , granulomatic structure developments and renal tubular degenerations ; in basil usage , renal tubular vacuolations , renal tubular degenerations , granulomatic structure developments were occured in kidney.
Key Words: Anestesia , Basil, Mullein , Rosemary , Goldfish, Carassius auratus