Aquaculture Europe 2023

September 18 - 21, 2023

Vienna,Austria

Add To Calendar 19/09/2023 14:30:0019/09/2023 14:45:00Europe/ViennaAquaculture Europe 2023CRYOPRESERVATION AS A TOOL TOWARD EXPLORATION OF PATERNAL-EFFECT GENES IN EURASIAN PERCH Perca fluviatilisSchubert 4The European Aquaculture Societywebmaster@aquaeas.orgfalseDD/MM/YYYYaaVZHLXMfzTRLzDrHmAi181982

CRYOPRESERVATION AS A TOOL TOWARD EXPLORATION OF PATERNAL-EFFECT GENES IN EURASIAN PERCH Perca fluviatilis

 A. Panda*1, S. Judycka1, K. Palinska-Zarska2, R. Debernardis1, S. Jarmolowicz2, J. Jastrzebski3, T. Rocha de Almeida1, M. Blazejewski4, P. Hliwa4, S. Krejszeff5, D. Zarski1

 

 1 Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

 2  Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland

3  Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland

4  Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland

5  Department of Aquaculture, The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland

Email: a.panda@pan.olsztyn.pl

 



Introduction

 Sperm cryopreservation is one of the leading, yet sophisticated techniques to employ both in research purposes and aquaculture production . It has already been reported that sperm cryopreservation may affect the transcriptomic profile of the progeny (Wang et al., 2022) . It is, therefore, justified to hypothesize that by implementation of cryopreservation technology, possibly modifying cell physiology and/or affect structure of the cells retaining fertilizing capacity, a paternal-effect genes – being poorly explored in Teleosts – can be identified. Such strategy has a potential to elucidate paternal contribution to progeny quality what may be used by aquaculturists to fine-tune the selective breeding operations.

This study aims to explore the transcriptomic and phenotypic consequences of progeny obtained following usage for fertilization either cryopreserved or fresh semen in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), our model of commercial interest, in order to identify paternal-effect genes in this species .

Materials and methods

The semen from wild males (n=6) were stripped, checked for their motility and concentration; divided a portion (~  1.5 ml) of semen was cryopreserved as described by Judycka et al. (2021), and the second portion (~1.5 ml) was used as fresh semen.  Fertilizations were done with e ggs  coming from each female (n=3) portioned equally , one for  cryopreserved semen (group C) and the other with fresh semen from the same male (group F).  Advanced larviculture  was carried out  as described by Palińska-Żarska et al. (2020) till 16 days post hatch (dph), while noting zootechnical parameters .   Larvae at mouth opening (MO) stage and weaning stage were sampled for transcriptomic analysis.

S equencing  of RNA  of larvae at  MO from both groups  were compared using RStudio (version 4.1.3) using the package DESeq2 (Love et al., 2014) .  Differences were considered significant when corrected p-values were inferior to ɑ (ɑ=0.05).

Quantitative real-time PCRs (qRT-PCR) were performed for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), normalized using 5 housekeeping genes, to verify expression levels of those genes at MO stage and at the weaning stage.

Results

Embryonic survival rate was significantly lower in Group C than in Group F, and the Group C larvae  had  higher weight wise at their weaning stage.  The remaining zootechnical parameters were similar in both groups. Transcriptomic analysis revealed  11 DEGs, out of which 3 genes were further successfully validated  by qRT -PCR, namely pde6g , opn1lw1 and rbpl4 (Figure1 ). Interestingly, all the genes are responsible for the development of the eye and had higher expression at MO stage in Group C but later at  weaning stage, the expression levels were  similar in both groups. 

Discussion

This experiment was done with the intent to not just check the effect of cryopreservation on progeny quality, but also to use the technique as a condition to reveal paternal-effect genes .  Phosphodiesterase 6 Gamma (pde6g) is expressed in rod photoreceptors and functions in the phototransduction signaling cascade (Dvir et al., 2010). Long-wave sensitive Opsin (opn1lw1 ) codes for red opsins and are abundant in cone cells (Crespo et al., 2018). Retinol Binding protein 4 (rbp4l ) has a role to play in retina development.  Examples of signalling pathways for  pde6g  and opn1lw1 is G protein mediated phototransduction, for rod and cone cells (Zang n.d.) . Abola et al., (2015) found rbp4l gene being important in pathways like retin oid signalling. Thus we may conclude that  development of an eye and potentially other sensory capabilities as well as its functioning durin g the first days post-hatching is under the influence of paternal genome, probably via the methylome status of the sperm (Jiang et al., 2013).

Acknowledgements

This work was funded by National Science Center of Poland (SONATA BIS project, number UMO-2020/38/E/NZ9/00394).

References

Abola , M. V., Thompson, C. L., Chen, Z., Chak , A., Berger, N. A., Kirwan, J. P., & Li, L. (2015). Serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and risk of colon adenoma. In Endocrine-Related Cancer (Vol. 22, Issue 2, pp. L1–L4). BioScientifica Ltd.

 Crespo, C., Soroldoni , D., & Knust , E. (2018). A novel transgenic zebrafish line for red opsin expression in outer segments of photoreceptor cells. Developmental Dynamics , 247 (7), 951–959.

Dvir , L., Srour , G., Abu-Ras, R., Miller, B., Shalev, S. A., & Ben-Yosef, T. (2010). Autosomal-recessive early-onset retinitis pigmentosa caused by a mutation in PDE6G, the gene encoding the gamma subunit of rod cGMP phosphodiesterase. American Journal of Human Genetics , 87 (2), 258–264.

 Jiang, L., Zhang, J., Wang, J. J., Wang, L., Zhang, L., Li, G., Yang, X., Ma, X., Sun, X., Cai, J., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Yu, M., Wang, X., Liu, F., Wu, C. I., He, C., Zhang, B., Ci, W., & Liu, J. (2013). Sperm, but not oocyte, DNA methylome is inherited by zebrafish early embryos. Cell , 153 (4), 773–784.

 Judycka, S., Dietrich, M. A., Żarski, D., Karol, H., Palińska-Żarska, K., Błażejewski, M., & Ciereszko, A. (2021).  Towards standardization of the cryopreservation procedure of cultured pikeperch (Sander lucioperca ) semen. Aquaculture , 538 .

 Love, M. I., Huber, W., & Anders, S. (2014). Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biology , 15 (12).

 Palińska-Żarska, K., Woźny, M., Kamaszewski, M., Szudrowicz, H., Brzuzan, P., & Żarski, D. (2020). Domestication process modifies digestion ability in larvae of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis ), a freshwater Teleostei. Scientific Reports 2020 10:1 , 10 (1), 1–12.

 Stephens, M. (2017). False discovery rates: a new deal. Biostatistics , 18 (2), 275–294.

 Wang, H., Montague, H. R., Hess, H. N., Zhang, Y., Aguilar, G. L., Dunham, R. A., Butts, I. A. E., & Wang, X. (2022). Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Gene Expression Changes in Blue Catfish Sperm in Response to Cryopreservation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences , 23 (14).

 Zang, J.; Neuhauss, S.C.F. Biochemistry and physiology of zebrafish photoreceptors. Pflug. Arch. 2021, 473, 1569–1585.